Sjogren's Syndrome
Expert diagnosis and personalized treatment at Arthritis Care of Los Angeles.
What is Sjogren's Syndrome?
Sjogren's syndrome is an autoimmune disorder in which the immune system attacks the moisture-producing glands, primarily the tear and saliva glands. This leads to the hallmark symptoms of dry eyes and dry mouth. Sjogren's can occur on its own (primary) or alongside other autoimmune conditions like rheumatoid arthritis or lupus (secondary). Beyond dryness, Sjogren's can affect joints, lungs, kidneys, nerves, and other organs. It is one of the most common autoimmune diseases but is frequently underdiagnosed.
Common Symptoms
- Persistent dry eyes (feeling gritty, burning, or irritated)
- Dry mouth and difficulty swallowing or speaking
- Increased dental cavities and gum disease
- Swollen salivary glands
- Joint pain and stiffness
- Fatigue
- Dry skin and skin rashes
- Vaginal dryness
- Persistent dry cough
- Numbness or tingling in hands and feet
Experiencing these symptoms? Get expert care today.
How is Sjogren's Syndrome Diagnosed?
Diagnosis involves evaluating symptoms, blood tests (SSA/Ro and SSB/La antibodies, ANA, RF), Schirmer's test for tear production, salivary flow rate measurement, and sometimes lip biopsy to examine salivary gland tissue. Dr. Forouzesh takes a comprehensive approach to evaluate the extent of organ involvement and distinguish Sjogren's from other conditions with overlapping symptoms.
Treatment Options
Moisture Replacement
Artificial tears, saliva substitutes, and humidifiers to manage daily dryness symptoms and prevent complications.
Prescription Eye and Mouth Treatments
Cyclosporine eye drops (Restasis), lifitegrast (Xiidra), or pilocarpine/cevimeline to stimulate natural moisture production.
Immunosuppressive Medications
Hydroxychloroquine, methotrexate, or mycophenolate for systemic symptoms including joint pain, fatigue, and organ involvement.
Biologic Therapies
Rituximab or other biologics for severe cases with significant organ involvement or complications.
Dental Care
Frequent dental checkups, fluoride treatments, and oral hygiene guidance to prevent the dental problems common with chronic dry mouth.
Key Statistics
4 Million
Americans estimated to have Sjogren's syndrome
Source: Sjogren's Foundation
9 out of 10
Sjogren's patients are women
Source: NIH/NIAMS
4 Years
Average time from symptoms to diagnosis
Source: Sjogren's Foundation
Frequently Asked Questions
Ready to Get Expert Care?
Schedule your appointment with Dr. Solomon Forouzesh, MD, FACP, FACR — a board-certified rheumatologist with 50++ years of expertise in arthritis and autoimmune diseases.